European Fairy Tales: Meaning and Interpretation

Traditional fairytales are a significant part of cultural heritage, drawing the attention of scholars from various disciplines. Through their variety, diversity, and vivid imagery, fairytales reflect the richness of the world, while their unique features and peculiarities highlight the distinctiveness of individual countries, peoples, and cultures. This course introduces the genre of European fairytales within a broader historical, geographical, and cultural framework. It situates fairytales in relation to other European folk genres, such as myths and legends, with a particular focus on Czech fairytales and their specific characteristics.

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The primary aim of the course is to explore fairytales as symbolic narratives that offer insights not only into the world around us but also into human nature. Numerous theories examine the hidden symbolic meanings of European fairytales and the significance they convey. While folklorists have worked to organize and classify these tales, psychologists, literary critics, and scholars from other fields have sought to interpret them—uncovering the values, beliefs, social rules, and customs embedded within, as well as the human desires, dreams, and fears they reflect.

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The course also surveys the evolving scholarly approaches to the study of European fairytales, presenting a range of interpretations, including sociohistorical, psychological, anthropological, biological, gender-based, and feminist perspectives. Topics include ethical and moral principles in fairytales, representations of gender and social roles, and the influence of historical and political contexts on fairytale adaptation.

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